If you’re looking for the best low-threshold wheelchair accessible shower bases, I recommend options that are durable, customizable, and easy to install. Products like silicone or rubber bases, adjustable collapsible dams, and specialized thresholds guarantee safety and compliance with ADA standards. Features such as non-slip surfaces, waterproof seals, and flexible barriers help make entry or exit seamless. Keep scrolling to discover detailed insights that will help you choose the perfect solution for your needs.
Key Takeaways
- Prioritize low-profile, zero-threshold designs for seamless wheelchair access and barrier-free entry.
- Choose durable, flexible materials like silicone or reinforced rubber for safety and longevity.
- Ensure compatibility with existing bathroom layouts, including adjustable, customizable, or cut-to-fit options.
- Look for slip-resistant surfaces and anti-slip textures to enhance safety during use.
- Consider products with easy installation features, such as full adhesive backing and simple leveling requirements.
Duzzy 67 Inch Silicone Shower Water Dam for ADA Showers
Are you looking for a reliable solution to keep water contained in accessible showers? The Duzzy 67 Inch Silicone Shower Water Dam is exactly what you need. Made from high-quality, flexible silicone rubber, it creates a secure barrier to prevent water from spilling onto the bathroom floor. Its long, adjustable design can be easily trimmed to fit your shower setup, and the full back adhesive ensures simple installation. The dam collapses under pressure, allowing wheelchair passage, then returns to shape. Perfect for ADA-compliant showers, it keeps your bathroom dry, clean, and safe, making it a smart choice for accessible bathing spaces.
Best For: individuals seeking an effective, adjustable water barrier for ADA-compliant, wheelchair-accessible showers to prevent water leakage and maintain bathroom safety.
Pros:
- Made from durable, high-quality silicone rubber that is flexible and long-lasting.
- Easy to install with full back adhesive and customizable by trimming to fit various shower sizes.
- Collapsible design allows wheelchair passage without compromising water containment.
Cons:
- May require additional sealant (not included) for optimal waterproofing during installation.
- Trimming and installation may need some effort for a perfect fit.
- Silicone material could attract dust or dirt, requiring regular cleaning for maintenance.
Shower Threshold Water Dam Barrier
The Shower Threshold Water Dam Barrier stands out as an ideal solution for wheelchair users and those with limited mobility who need a seamless, accessible shower experience. This 39-inch flexible silicone strip is self-adhesive and waterproof, making installation quick and tool-free—just peel and stick. It can be easily customized to fit curved, rectangular, or angled thresholds, ensuring a perfect seal every time. Its modern, minimalist design in transparent or white blends effortlessly with bathroom decor. Durable and low-maintenance, it prevents water leakage effectively, reducing slip hazards and protecting floors from water damage—making your bathroom safer and more accessible.
Best For: individuals seeking an easy-to-install, waterproof, and customizable water barrier to improve bathroom safety and accessibility, especially wheelchair users and those with limited mobility.
Pros:
- Self-adhesive and tool-free installation for quick setup
- Customizable to fit various shower thresholds for a perfect seal
- Durable, waterproof silicone construction that prevents water leakage effectively
Cons:
- May require precise cutting for an optimal fit on irregular or complex thresholds
- Limited color options (transparent or white) might not match all bathroom decor
- Adhesive may lose strength over time if exposed to harsh cleaning agents or prolonged moisture
67 Inch Collapsible Shower Threshold Water Dam
A 67-inch collapsible shower threshold water dam provides an excellent solution for ensuring wheelchair accessibility without sacrificing water containment. Its 67-inch length, combined with a low 0.89-inch height and 1.57-inch width, makes it perfect for ADA compliance and smooth wheelchair passage. The arch bridge shape reduces bumps, enhancing safety and ease of entry. Its collapsible design allows it to bend when stepped on or rolled over, then return to shape, ensuring barrier-free access. Easy to install with adhesive and tape, it’s also simple to cut to fit your shower. Made with durable materials, it guarantees long-lasting performance and peace of mind.
Best For: individuals seeking a durable, easy-to-install, ADA-compliant shower threshold water dam that ensures barrier-free access for wheelchairs, children, and the elderly.
Pros:
- Collapsible design provides flexibility and safety by bending under pressure and returning to shape.
- Easy installation with adhesive backing and the ability to cut to custom lengths without special tools.
- High-quality construction ensures long-lasting performance and effective water retention.
Cons:
- May require precise cutting and adjustment for perfect fit in irregular shower layouts.
- Adhesive may weaken over time or in wet conditions, possibly affecting durability.
- The arch bridge shape, while reducing bumps, may not suit all shower designs or user preferences.
WOODBRIDGE 59 in L x 31.5 in W Shower Base with Center Drain
If you’re seeking a shower base that combines accessibility with durability, the WOODBRIDGE 59-inch by 31.5-inch model is an excellent choice. Its low-profile design, with a zero threshold and approximately 1-inch actual threshold, makes entry easy for wheelchairs and those with mobility challenges. The textured, anti-slip surface adds safety, while the sturdy construction with reinforced polymer layers guarantees long-term durability. It can be installed flush with the floor or slightly above, ideal for remodels or new builds. The centered drain and waterproofing flange prevent leaks, providing a reliable, cost-effective, and easy-to-maintain solution for accessible showers.
Best For: Individuals seeking a durable, accessible, and low-maintenance shower base ideal for those with mobility challenges or wheelchair access needs.
Pros:
- Low-profile design with zero threshold for easy entry and exit
- Textured, anti-slip surface enhances safety during use
- Made from durable, reinforced polymer layers for long-lasting performance
Cons:
- Actual threshold is approximately 1 inch, which may still require careful installation for perfect levelness
- Drain not included, requiring an additional purchase and installation step
- Installation may need precise leveling to ensure proper drainage and waterproofing
Duzzy Collapsible Shower Water Dam
For those seeking an effective water barrier that adapts to various bathroom setups, the Duzzy Collapsible Shower Water Dam stands out. This 67-inch flexible silicone strip prevents water leaks around shower areas, sinks, and toilets. It’s easy to cut to the desired length and features a collapsible design that returns to shape after being stepped on or rolled over, ensuring safety and dry floors. Made from medical-grade silicone, it’s durable and stable. Installation is simple with an adhesive backing, and it’s easy to clean and maintain. Its height effectively isolates wet areas, helping keep bathrooms clean, dry, and free from water damage.
Best For: homeowners and renters seeking an easy-to-install, customizable water barrier for shower areas, sinks, and toilets to prevent leaks and maintain dry, safe floors.
Pros:
- Highly flexible and collapsible, returning to shape after pressure, ensuring safety and ease of use
- Made from durable, medical-grade silicone for long-lasting performance
- Easy to cut to desired length and install with adhesive backing for a secure fit
Cons:
- Adhesive may require additional sealant like silica gel for optimal leak prevention
- May need adjustment or reapplication over time depending on usage conditions
- Not included in the package, requiring separate purchase of adhesive or sealant
3.2″ Shower Water Splash Guard for Bathroom and Kitchen
The 3.2″ Shower Water Splash Guard is an excellent choice for anyone seeking reliable water containment in bathrooms and kitchens, especially when space is limited. Its 78-inch length and solid 3.2-inch height create a sturdy barrier that effectively prevents water from spilling onto floors or walls. Made from flexible, durable rubber, it resists heat and maintains integrity even when stepped on, making it safe for wheelchair-accessible showers. Installation is quick and secure with adhesive backing, and the included silicone sealing strip ensures long-lasting waterproofing. This versatile barrier is perfect for wet and dry separation, keeping your space clean and dry with minimal effort.
Best For: individuals seeking an effective, durable water barrier for bathrooms, kitchens, or wheelchair-accessible showers to prevent water overflow and maintain cleanliness.
Pros:
- Easy to install with adhesive backing and includes a sealing strip for secure, waterproof fit
- Made from flexible, heat-resistant rubber that remains intact when stepped on, suitable for various environments
- Long-lasting and reliable water containment, ideal for wet and dry separation
Cons:
- May require precise measurement for optimal fit in non-standard shower setups
- The 78-inch length may be excessive for smaller spaces, potentially needing trimming or adjustment
- Adhesive backing could lose adhesion over time in humid or wet conditions without proper maintenance
KMINA – Wheelchair Door Threshold Ramp, Rubber Ramps for Door Threshold
The KMINA Wheelchair Door Threshold Ramp stands out as an ideal choice for those needing a reliable, customizable solution to overcome small floor obstacles. Made from durable rubber, it easily bridges gaps up to 0.2 inches and can be trimmed to fit doorways as narrow as 23.6 inches. Its portability and simple cleaning make it perfect for indoor and outdoor use. Supporting up to 220 pounds, it provides a stable, non-slip surface for wheelchairs, walkers, or scooters. With a sleek design and easy installation, the KMINA ramp helps improve accessibility without sacrificing convenience or safety.
Best For: individuals seeking a durable, customizable ramp solution to enhance accessibility over small thresholds for wheelchairs, walkers, and scooters.
Pros:
- Made from durable, non-slip rubber for safety and stability
- Adjustable to fit doorways as narrow as 23.6 inches through cutting slots
- Portable and easy to clean with a damp cloth, suitable for indoor and outdoor use
Cons:
- Non-foldable design may limit portability compared to foldable ramps
- Supports a maximum load of 220 pounds, which may not accommodate heavier users or equipment
- Slightly limited to obstacles up to 0.2 inches high, not suitable for larger gaps
WOODBRIDGE Solid Surface Shower Base in White with Left Drain
If you’re seeking a sleek, durable shower base that combines safety with modern design, the WOODBRIDGE Solid Surface Shower Base in White with Left Drain is an excellent choice. Its 60-inch length and 34-inch width fit most standard shower spaces, accommodating various configurations with tile, acrylic, or glass panels. Made from non-porous solid surface material, it resists stains, scratches, and minor damage, while its seamless surface makes cleaning easy. The textured, slip-resistant base enhances safety, and the integrated water-retention flange ensures a leak-resistant installation. Backed by a 10-year warranty and U.S.-based support, it’s a reliable, stylish option for accessible showers.
Best For: homeowners seeking a durable, modern, and slip-resistant shower base that fits standard alcove installations and supports customizable shower designs.
Pros:
- Made from durable, non-porous solid surface material that resists stains and scratches
- Features a textured, slip-resistant surface for enhanced safety during use
- Easy to install with integrated water-retention flange and compatible with various wall materials
Cons:
- Drain is not included and must be purchased separately
- Limited to standard sizes; may not fit non-standard or irregular shower spaces
- Requires sanding to restore surface if scratched or stained, which may need additional effort
Single Threshold Acrylic Shower Base with Seat
A single threshold acrylic shower base with a seat offers an ideal solution for those needing easy, barrier-free access combined with added comfort. Made in the USA from high-quality fiberglass and acrylic, it’s built for durability, leak-proof performance, and sleek style. The 32×60-inch size fits well in custom alcove setups, featuring a non-slip textured surface for safety. Integral seats on either side provide ergonomic support, perfect for users with limited mobility. The low curb ensures easy entry and exit, while the three-sided tile flange prevents water seepage. This shower base combines functionality and reliability, making it a smart choice for accessible bathroom renovations.
Best For: individuals seeking an accessible, durable, and stylish shower solution with easy entry and ergonomic seating features.
Pros:
- Made in the USA from high-quality fiberglass and acrylic for lasting durability
- Incorporates a low curb and integrated tile flange for barrier-free, leak-proof performance
- Features a non-slip textured surface and built-in seat for safety and comfort
Cons:
- Size may not accommodate very large or irregularly shaped bathrooms
- Requires proper sealing and installation to maintain water tightness
- Some may find the aesthetic limited to a white finish with a rectangular shape
Fine Fixtures Shower Base, 60″ x 30″ Non-Slip Acrylic Floor Pan
Designed with safety and accessibility in mind, the Fine Fixtures Shower Base offers a low-threshold entry that makes it ideal for wheelchair users or anyone with mobility challenges. Made of leak-proof acrylic reinforced with fiberglass, it resists scratches, cracks, and stains, ensuring long-lasting durability. The textured, non-slip surface enhances safety, while the center drain with minimal slope keeps water flowing smoothly. Its low curb allows easy entry, and the integrated tile flange prevents water seepage. Easy to install and compatible with standard drains, this 60″ x 30″ shower base combines functionality with a sleek white finish, fitting seamlessly into modern bathrooms.
Best For: individuals seeking a durable, safe, and accessible shower base suitable for modern bathroom remodels or new constructions.
Pros:
- Made of leak-proof acrylic reinforced with fiberglass for long-lasting durability
- Non-slip textured surface enhances safety for all users
- Low curb design allows easy entry, ideal for accessibility needs
Cons:
- Limited size options may not fit all custom shower enclosures
- Requires standard fitted drains, which may need adjustment in some installations
- White finish may show stains or discoloration over time without proper maintenance
Mobile Patient Lift Bridge Bath Lift Chair
The Mobile Patient Lift Bridge Bath Lift Chair is an ideal solution for seniors and individuals with mobility challenges who need safe, comfortable assistance during bathing. It’s an electric-powered, whisper-quiet chair designed to help users overcome bathtub thresholds and regain independence. With a compact, lightweight build, it fits most tubs without taking up much space. The padded seat, reclining back, and support for up to 315 lbs ensure comfort and safety. Easy to install without tools, it features a waterproof hand control for smooth operation, multiple lifts per charge, and a battery that charges quickly. This chair makes bathing safer, easier, and more comfortable.
Best For: seniors, disabled individuals, and anyone with mobility challenges seeking a safe, comfortable bathing solution.
Pros:
- Easy to install without tools in under 5 minutes.
- Supports up to 315 lbs with a comfortable, padded, and reclining seat.
- Quiet, battery-powered operation with multiple lifts per charge.
Cons:
- May require initial familiarization with remote controls for some users.
- Limited to use within bathtubs or showers with compatible sizes.
- Battery charging involves unplugging and reconnecting the remote, which may be inconvenient for some users.
Duzzy Collapsible Shower Threshold Water Dam
If you’re looking for an effective water containment solution for wheelchair-accessible showers, the Duzzy Collapsible Shower Threshold Water Dam stands out. Made of 100% rubber, it measures 67 inches long, 1.57 inches wide, and 0.89 inches high, and can be cut to fit your shower. Its flexible design allows it to be shaped to various configurations, creating a reliable barrier that keeps water inside the shower area and prevents leaks. Perfect for curbless and ADA-compliant showers, this dam provides a customizable, easy-to-install solution. If you have questions or need assistance, customer support is readily available to help with installation and usage.
Best For: individuals seeking a flexible, reliable water containment solution for wheelchair-accessible, curbless, or ADA-compliant showers.
Pros:
- Made of durable, 100% rubber for longevity and flexibility
- Can be cut to fit various shower sizes and configurations
- Easy to install and shape, providing a customizable water barrier
Cons:
- May require precise cutting and placement for optimal seal
- Not designed for permanent installation; may need adjustments over time
- Flexibility might reduce effectiveness if not properly shaped to the shower edges
Shower Threshold Water Dam
Looking for a reliable way to prevent water leakage in a wheelchair-accessible shower? The Shower Threshold Water Dam is a great option. It’s 72 inches long, designed for larger shower areas, and features an ADA-approved, wheelchair-friendly design. Made with a high-quality aluminum housing and a solid rubber seal, it creates a secure water barrier. The neoprene gasket resists wear, ensuring long-lasting performance. Easy to install with included screws and expansion anchors for concrete, it’s built for durability and long-term use. This water dam effectively prevents leaks, making your shower safer and more accessible without sacrificing functionality.
Best For: individuals requiring wheelchair-accessible shower solutions who need an effective water barrier to prevent leaks and ensure safety.
Pros:
- ADA-approved design for easy wheelchair access
- Durable aluminum construction with a reliable rubber seal
- Easy installation with included screws and expansion anchors
Cons:
- Requires precise measurement and installation for optimal performance
- May need professional assistance for concrete mounting
- Fixed length of 72 inches may not suit smaller shower areas
3″ High Shower Water Splash Guard (8.2Ft Collapsible Water Dam)
A 3-inch high shower water splash guard with an 8.2-foot collapsible dam is perfect for guaranteeing water stays within the shower area, especially in wheelchair-accessible bathrooms. Made from durable, flexible rubber, it can be easily cut to fit various bathroom layouts and configurations. Its high-temperature resistance and safety features make it suitable for all users, including children and the elderly. The collapsible design allows for simple setup and storage, while the extended length provides a reliable barrier against water overflow. For added waterproofing, I recommend applying glass glue on both sides. This splash guard ensures a dry, safe, and accessible shower environment.
Best For: individuals seeking an adjustable, high-water barrier solution for shower areas, including those with wheelchair accessibility, children, and elderly users.
Pros:
- Made from durable, high-temperature resistant rubber for safety and longevity
- Flexible and easy to cut to fit various bathroom configurations and shapes
- Collapsible design facilitates simple setup, storage, and transport
Cons:
- Requires application of glass glue for optimal waterproofing and durability
- May need precise cutting for perfect fit in unconventional bathroom layouts
- Rubber material, if not properly maintained, could degrade over long-term use
Gordon Glass ADA-Friendly Wheelchair Shower Threshold
The Gordon Glass ADA-Friendly Wheelchair Shower Threshold stands out as an ideal choice for those seeking a durable, customizable solution for barrier-free shower access. Made from heavy-duty extruded aluminum with a corrosion-resistant finish, it guarantees long-lasting performance. The threshold features a water-blocking neoprene seal that compresses under weight, preventing water from escaping while allowing wheelchair passage. It’s easy to cut to fit using a standard hacksaw, making installation flexible for various shower sizes. Suitable for new builds or retrofits, this 60-inch threshold combines durability, adaptability, and ease of use, making it an excellent option for accessible showers.
Best For: Individuals seeking a durable, customizable, and water-tight wheelchair accessible shower threshold for barrier-free shower entries.
Pros:
- Made from heavy-duty corrosion-resistant aluminum ensuring long-lasting durability.
- Customizable length with simple hacksaw cuts for a perfect fit.
- Effective water containment with a neoprene seal that compresses under weight.
Cons:
- Discontinued by the manufacturer, potentially limiting availability.
- No batteries required, so no electronic features or automation.
- Limited to a 60-inch length, which may not suit all shower sizes without additional modifications.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Wheelchair Accessible Shower Bases Low Threshold
When selecting a low-threshold wheelchair accessible shower base, I focus on several key factors to guarantee safety and convenience. I consider compliance with accessibility standards, the threshold’s height and width, and the durability of the materials used. Additionally, I evaluate how easy it is to install and how well the base contains water to prevent leaks.
Accessibility Standards Compliance
Ensuring your wheelchair accessible shower base meets established standards is essential for safety and usability. I check that it complies with ADA guidelines, which specify a threshold no higher than 1/4 inch for smooth wheelchair entry. The design should allow seamless access, with no bumps or steps that could hinder movement. I also verify that the dimensions and slope promote safe, easy entry while ensuring proper water drainage, all within a low-profile setup. Safety is paramount, so I look for materials that are slip-resistant and textured, reducing the risk of falls. Additionally, I confirm the product’s certification or labeling indicates compliance with local accessibility regulations and universal design standards. This guarantees the shower base is both safe and accessible for all users.
Threshold Height and Width
Choosing the right threshold height and width is crucial for creating a safe and accessible wheelchair shower. A minimal height, ideally between 0 to 1 inch, makes entry easier and reduces tripping hazards. The width should be wide enough—typically around 36 to 72 inches—to prevent water leakage while allowing smooth wheelchair passage. A wider threshold offers added stability and a better barrier, but it must be installed carefully to maintain accessibility. It is necessary to measure your shower space accurately to ensure the threshold fits properly and meets ADA guidelines, which recommend no more than 1/2 inch in height for low-threshold designs. Proper dimensions are key to balancing ease of entry with water containment and overall safety.
Material Durability and Safety
Have you considered how the material of your low-threshold shower base impacts its safety and longevity? Durable options like fiberglass, acrylic, or solid surface resist cracks, stains, and scratches, ensuring your shower stays in good shape over time. Non-slip textured surfaces are essential for safety, especially in wet conditions, reducing slip risks. High-quality materials also feature waterproof and mold-resistant properties, which help maintain hygiene and prevent mold buildup. Reinforced bases with sturdy construction prevent warping or flexing under weight, critical for low-threshold designs that need stability. Additionally, smooth, easy-to-clean surfaces make maintenance simpler and help keep your shower hygienic. Choosing a material with these safety and durability features ensures your shower remains functional, safe, and long-lasting, providing peace of mind for everyday use.
Installation Ease and Compatibility
Selecting a low-threshold wheelchair accessible shower base involves more than just material quality; it’s important to contemplate how easily it can be installed and whether it fits your bathroom’s setup. First, check that the installation method—such as flange or slip-in—matches your construction type for a seamless fit. Make certain the base is designed for easy leveling and secure attachment to prevent leaks and instability, which is vital for safety. Confirm that the dimensions and height suit your space and accessibility needs, allowing smooth transfers. Additionally, verify compatibility with your existing drainage system, and see if it includes necessary fittings or if you’ll need extra parts. Finally, consider whether the installation process is straightforward enough to do yourself or if professional help is required.
Water Containment Effectiveness
When it comes to low-threshold wheelchair accessible shower bases, water containment is vital to prevent leaks and keep your bathroom dry. The height of the threshold plays a big role here—lower thresholds need effective barriers to stop water from escaping. Properly sealed edges and waterproof materials like silicone or neoprene help improve water retention. The material’s density and flexibility are essential, as they ensure the barrier can adapt to uneven surfaces and maintain a tight seal. A well-designed threshold, whether it features a raised lip or seal, directly affects water containment. Even if the drain is submerged or uneven, a good system prevents water from leaking onto the bathroom floor. Choosing a shower base with these features guarantees a dry, safe environment.
Maintenance and Cleaning Ease
Choosing a wheelchair accessible shower base that’s easy to maintain can make a significant difference in your daily routine. I recommend selecting models with smooth, non-porous surfaces that are simple to wipe clean and resist stains and mold buildup. Bases with integrated tile flanges and minimal grout lines reduce the complexity of cleaning and prevent water infiltration. Durable materials like acrylic or solid surface are ideal, as they can be cleaned with mild detergents without damage. Look for designs with textured, slip-resistant surfaces that are also easy to keep debris-free. Additionally, choose bases with removable or accessible components, allowing thorough cleaning and maintenance. This not only guarantees better hygiene but also extends the lifespan of your shower base, making your daily routine more convenient.
Frequently Asked Questions
What Are the Installation Requirements for Low-Threshold Shower Bases?
Installation of low-threshold shower bases requires a level, sturdy subfloor to ensure stability and prevent leaks. I check that the drain is properly aligned with the existing plumbing, and I often need to modify the framing or waterproofing as needed. It is crucial to follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully, use the right sealants, and ensure proper slope toward the drain for effective drainage. A professional can help ensure everything’s set correctly.
How Do I Maintain and Clean These Specialized Shower Bases?
To keep your low-threshold shower base clean and maintained, I recommend rinsing it regularly to prevent soap scum buildup, scrubbing gently with non-abrasive cleaners to avoid scratching, and inspecting for cracks or damage to guarantee safety. I also suggest sealing grout lines periodically to prevent mold and mildew. By staying consistent with these steps, you’ll extend the life of your shower base and keep it looking fresh and safe every day.
Are There Size Limitations for Wheelchair Users With These Bases?
Yes, there are size limitations for wheelchair users with these bases. I recommend measuring your wheelchair’s width and turning radius before choosing a shower base. Most low-threshold bases are designed to accommodate standard wheelchairs, but larger or custom models may require specific dimensions. To guarantee comfort and safety, double-check the product specifications and consult with a professional if you’re unsure about fitting your wheelchair comfortably.
Can These Shower Bases Be Customized for Specific Needs?
Yes, many low-threshold wheelchair accessible shower bases can be customized to meet specific needs. I’ve found that manufacturers often offer options like different sizes, shapes, and additional features such as grab bars or textured surfaces. I recommend discussing your requirements with a supplier or installer beforehand, so they can help you select or tailor a base that fits your space and meets your mobility needs perfectly.
What Safety Features Are Included in Low-Threshold Shower Bases?
Think of these shower bases as the guardian angels of bathroom safety. They include features like non-slip surfaces, sturdy grab bars, and seamless entries to prevent falls. Some models also have built-in seats or textured flooring, ensuring stability and confidence during use. These safety features work together to create a secure, accessible environment, making showering a safer, more comfortable experience for everyone.
Conclusion
Finding the right low-threshold shower base isn’t just about accessibility; it’s about creating a space where convenience and safety unexpectedly align. As I explored these options, I realize that sometimes, the best choice feels like a fortunate coincidence—combining durability, ease of entry, and thoughtful design. Ultimately, selecting the right shower base turns a practical necessity into a seamless part of everyday life, proving that accessibility can genuinely be a pleasant surprise.
